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Bred by Yakima Chief Ranches, named for
the area where the first hop farm was
established by Charles Carpenter in 1869.
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A relatively new addition, bred by Virgil
Gamache Farms Inc.
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A very popular US variety of hops, Cascade
was the first commercial hop introduced by
the USDA-ARS breeding program (1972).
Genetically engineered from Fuggle /
Serebrianka plants, it's often used to obtain a
high-hopped citrus-floral character, as its
bitterness level is moderate and the aroma
fragrant and flowery.
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Released in 1990, Centennial is new to the
market. Originally called CFJ90, Centennial
was bred in 1974 from Brewers Gold, Fuggle,
East Kent Golding, Bavarian plants, among
others. It has a clean bitterness quality
amidst the floral aroma that varies with boil
time.
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A cross between Petham Golding and USDA
63012 plants, Chinook was released in 1985.
Its herbal character is almost smoky if
introduced for aroma at the end of the boil
when dry hopping. It's high in alpha acid
and is great for brewing at high gravity, and
for hopping American Pale Ales.
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Sharp aroma and clean bittering qualities
make this high alpha variety well-suited for
bitter ales and American IPAs, and its
qualities may be enhanced when
dry-hopped.
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Cluster hops are believed to be hybrids
developed from plants imported from
Holland and English, and also from plants
native to North America.
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Released in 1993, Crystal comes from a
combination of USDA21397 (Hallertau mf)
and USDA 21381M (mildew resistant), and is
the triploid half-sister of Mount Hood and
Liberty varieties.
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US grown in Oregon and Washington, as well
as in England and Slovenian Republic (as
Savinja Golding) it was originally selected in
England and became extremely popular in
the UK. It's not as subtle as its
American-grown relatives and adds
character to English-style ales.
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Bred in open pollenation with Brewers Gold
in 1968, it was released in 1978 and has
become the most widely grown US hop. It's
very mellow for a high-alpha plant and is
clean-bittering. Galena's well-balanced
characteristic is great for general purpose
bittering.
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Originally from England, Golding hops are
premier for aroma, specifically in
English-style ales. Fine lagers also benefit
from the spicy aroma and tasteful flavor.
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The best hop for authentic European lagers,
Hallertau mf (Mittelfrueh, which means that
it's a middle to early ripening variety) is
somewhat spicy in aroma and flavor.
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A cross between the USDA 65009 and
64035M plants, this high-alpha diploid
descended from Brewers Gold was released
in 1998.
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Bred from a Hallertau mf and USDA64035M,
Liberty was introduced in 1983 and is related
to Ultra, Mount Hood, and Crystal.
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Bred in 1980 at the German Hop Research
Institute, Magnum is a cross between the
American Galena and a German male.
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This triploid is the result of crossing a female
Hallertau mf (USDA 21397) with the USDA
19058M male, and was released in 1983.
Related to Ultra, Liberty and Crystal, it's
refined but with a spicy quality to the aroma.
Its clean bittering characteristic makes it a
good hop to use for lagers.
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The result of crossing a Canterbury Golding
and OB21 in 1934 England, Northern Brewer
can be grown in England, Belgium, German
and the US. Strongly fragrant and rich in
flavor and aroma, it's a good choice for ales
and steam beers. This hop may have a
minty, evergreen flavor.
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A cross from USDA 65009 and USDA
63051M, Nugget inherits a heavy aroma with
an herbal quality. Genetics include Brewers
Gold, Early Green, Canterbury Golding and
Bavarian.
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Derived from the Northern Brewer variety and
originating from Germany in 1978, it's now
grown in German, Belgium and the US.
Considered a medium-alpha variety, this hop
has a clean bitterness with a hint of
mintiness and it adds a pleasant aroma.
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Spicy and clean-bittering, Saaz is the best
choice for pilsner beers.
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Bred by Yakima Chief Ranches.
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Released from German in the 1980s, Spalt
Select is now grown in Hallertau areas of
German and Washington State in the US.
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This diploid arrived in 1990 as a cross
between 21522 and 21361. It is a result of
open pollenation including Saazer,
Cascade, Brewers Gold and Early Green.
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A land-race hop from Germany and now
grown in the US (Oregon and Washington),
it's best suited for lagers and wheat beers.
The original German variety, not as widely
available, has a more pure aroma than the
American-grown plants.
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Recently released in 1998 by Charles
Zimmerman, Tomahawk is considered the
first "Super Alpha" comercial plant.
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Originally a cross between Hallertau mf and
a Saazer genotype, Ultra's a triploid relative
to Mount Hood, Liberty and Crystal.
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Grown in Oregon, US Fuggle is milder than
its English relative, and has a fragrant wood
character to its aroma. US Fuggle makes for
a smooth, well-rounded beer.
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Bred from a Hallerteau mf variety and USDA
64037m, this hop was released in 1997.
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Recently bred by Yakima Chief Ranches.
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Originally a seedling of a Fuggle, this hop is
very popular. This triploid hop is grown in
Oregon and Washington, and has a woody
spice to its aroma not found in its English
Fuggle relatives. Willamette is perfect for
ales and lagers.
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